Roland Barthes

Action- a narrative device by a resolution is produced through action e.g. a shoot out.
Enigma- a narrative device that teases the audience by presenting a puzzle, wants to delay storys endings
Symbolic- (connotation)
Semic- (denotation)
Cultural- a narrative device which the audience can recognise as being part of a culture e.g. 'made man' in a gangstar film is part of a media culture.